Pre Mature Babies 101March 31, 2018
When a woman learns of her pregnancy the first time, she begins loving the life inside her. Most women scour the internet and arm themselves of what to expect during pregnancy and labour. They expect everything to go well till the last few weeks. But some babies decide they’ve had enough inside and are unexpectedly born before 38 weeks.
Premature babies, especially those born very early, often have complicated medical problems. Typically, complications of prematurity vary. But the earlier your baby is born, the higher the risk of complications.
Depending on how early a baby is born, he or she may be:
- Late preterm born between 34 - 36 weeks
- Moderately preterm, born between 32 - 34 weeks
- Very preterm born at less than 32 weeks.
- Extremely preterm born at or before 25 weeks of pregnancy
Survival
Most premature births occur in the late preterm stage. Modern science is able to bring extremely preterm babies to a normal life. Babies born at 30 weeks or later enjoy survival rates of about 80%. Babies closer to the 30-week mark are likely to experience some complications during the first few days and weeks of birth. Birth at 32 weeks is also likely to be subject to at least some complications. However, the extra two weeks affords the baby an opportunity to gain more weight. As a baby reaches the 34-week mark, he or she has gained significant weight and very good lung development. Some short-term complications are still possible.Generally accepted survival rates are as follows:
- 23 weeks or less – nearly zero
- 23 to 24 weeks – 15%
- 24 to 25 weeks – 55%
- 25 to 28 weeks – 80%
- 28+ weeks – 90% or better.
Some parents fret about the way their new born looks at birth. You have to remember, your child did not get as much time as other children normally get in the womb. Our gynaecologists say one day in the womb is more helpful for the baby’s growth than 15 days in the NICU. If yours is a premature/pre term baby, you can expect these features:
- Small size, with a disproportionately large head.
- Sharper looking, less rounded features than a full-term baby's features, due to a lack of fat stores.
- Fine hair (lanugo) covering much of the body.
- Low body temperature, especially immediately after birth in the delivery room, due to a lack of stored body fat.
- Labored breathing or respiratory distress.
- Lack of reflexes for sucking and swallowing, leading to feeding difficulties.
After the Birth
Problems associated with premature birth:
Babies born premature spectrum are likely to develop long-term problems as a result. Most will simply catch up as they grew. However, there is always a risk of complications the earlier baby is born. Developmental disabilities, stunted growth, and other chronic problems are always a possibility.
Growth and development for premature babies:
Early-stage growth and development for premature babies are different for each case. Some babies grow very rapidly while others progress more slowly. Most neonatologists put a greater emphasis on weight gain and the ability to thrive as a means of measuring development. Babies born after week 24 usually catch up over time.
Feeding premature babies:
Like every other baby, premature babies too have to feed on mother's milk as much as possible, as this contains the nutrients and growth factors babies need for proper development. Mother's milk may be provided via breastfeeding or by expressing it. If not, try for breast milk donors or infant formula as a last resort.
Most of all, it is important to stay calm and patient throughout your baby’s first 2 years. Watch out for milestones your baby has achieved and do not compare them with others. Next week we will tell you more.
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